The current issue of JAMA Ophthalmology

April 2024, Vol 142, No. 4, Pages 282-393

Original Investigation

Vision Impairment and Psychosocial Function in US Adults

Louay Almidani, MD, MSc; Rhonda Miller, MS; Varshini Varadaraj, MD, MPH; et al.

Abstract Full Text

JAMA Ophthalmol. 2024;142(4):283-291. doi:10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2023.6943

This cross-sectional study evaluates associations between vision impairment and psychosocial outcomes in US adults.

Uncorrected Refractive Error in the African American Eye Disease Study

Nathan Dhablania, MS; Mina Torres, MS; Bruce Burkemper, MPH, PhD; et al.

Abstract Full Text

JAMA Ophthalmol. 2024;142(4):292-298. doi:10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2023.6781

This cross-sectional study investigates the burden of uncorrected refractive error and unmet refractive need in African American individuals.

Invited Commentary
Toward Eliminating Visual Impairment Due to Refractive Error
Brian L. VanderBeek, MD, MPH, MSCE

JAMA Ophthalmol

ATXN7-Related Cone-Rod Dystrophy: The Integrated Functional Evaluation of the Cerebellum (CERMOI) Study

Marco Nassisi, MD, PhD; Giulia Coarelli, MD, PhD; Benoit Blanchard, BSc; et al.

Abstract Full Text

JAMA Ophthalmol. 2024;142(4):301-308. doi:10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2024.0001

This study describes baseline ophthalmological biomarkers in spinocerebellar ataxia type 7 carriers included in the Integrated Functional Evaluation of the Cerebellum (CERMOI) cross-sectional study.

Invited Commentary
Retinal End Points for ATXN7-Related Spinocerebellar Ataxia
Jacque L. Duncan, MD

JAMA Ophthalmol

Polarization-Sensitive OCT Imaging of Scleral Abnormalities in Eyes With High Myopia and Dome-Shaped Macula

Kyoko Ohno-Matsui, MD, PhD; Tae Igarashi-Yokoi, MD, PhD; Takeshi Azuma, MD; et al.

Abstract Full Text

open access

JAMA Ophthalmol. 2024;142(4):310-319. doi:10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2024.0002

This case series examines the orientation and density of scleral collagen fibers found on polarization-sensitive optical coherence tomography (PS-OCT) of highly myopic eyes with and without dome-shaped macula.

Invited Commentary
Decoding Scleral Structures With Polarized Light
Clement K. Chan, MD; Martha Henao, MD

JAMA Ophthalmol

Accuracy of an Artificial Intelligence Chatbot鈥檚 Interpretation of Clinical Ophthalmic Images

Andrew Mihalache, MD(C); Ryan S. Huang, MD(C); Marko M. Popovic, MD, MPH; et al.

Abstract Full Text

JAMA Ophthalmol. 2024;142(4):321-326. doi:10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2024.0017

This study evaluates the performance of the novel release of an artificial intelligence chatbot that is capable of processing imaging data.

Multinational External Validation of Autonomous Retinopathy of Prematurity Screening

Aaron S. Coyner, PhD; Tom Murickan, MD; Minn A. Oh, PhD; et al.

Abstract Full Text

free access

JAMA Ophthalmol. 2024;142(4):327-335. doi:10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2024.0045

This diagnostic study evaluates how well autonomous artificial intelligence鈥揵ased retinopathy of prematurity screening can detect more-than-mild and type 1 retinopathy of prematurity.

Invited Commentary
Is Artificial Intelligence for Retinopathy of Prematurity Ready to Go?
Gil Binenbaum, MD, MSCE

JAMA Ophthalmol

Water-Free Cyclosporine Ophthalmic Solution vs Vehicle for Dry Eye Disease: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Rongmei Peng, MD; Ying Jie, MD; Qin Long, MD; et al.

Abstract Full Text

free access

JAMA Ophthalmol. 2024;142(4):337-343. doi:10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2024.0101

This randomized clinical trial investigates the safety and effectiveness of a water-free cyclosporine ophthalmic solution, 0.1%, for dry eye disease.

Invited Commentary
Unraveling the Potential of Water-Free Cyclosporine in Dry Eye Disease
Khushali Shah, MD, MPH; Michelle K. Rhee, MD

JAMA Ophthalmol

Phase 2 Trial Evaluating Minocycline for Geographic Atrophy in Age-Related Macular Degeneration: A Nonrandomized Controlled Trial

Tiarnan D. L. Keenan, BM BCh, PhD; Clare Bailey, MD; Maria Abraham, ScM; et al.

Abstract Full Text

free access

JAMA Ophthalmol. 2024;142(4):345-355. doi:10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2024.0118

This nonrandomized controlled trial investigates the safety and efficacy of oral minocycline in the treatment of geographic atrophy in age-related macular degeneration.

Polygenic Risk Scores for Glaucoma Onset in the Ocular Hypertension Treatment Study

Rishabh K. Singh, MD; Yan Zhao, MSc; Tobias Elze, PhD; et al.

Abstract Full Text

free access

JAMA Ophthalmol. 2024;142(4):356-363. doi:10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2024.0151

This post hoc analysis of the Ocular Hypertension Treatment Study assesses whether a polygenic risk score improves prediction of primary open-angle glaucoma onset in patients with ocular hypertension.

Invited Commentary
The Role of Polygenic Risk Scores in Glaucoma Management
Fei Li, MD, PhD; Xiulan Zhang, MD, PhD

JAMA Ophthalmol

Severe Intraocular Inflammation Following Intravitreal Faricimab

Loka Thangamathesvaran, MD; Jun Kong, MD, PhD; Susan B. Bressler, MD; et al.

Abstract Full Text

free access

JAMA Ophthalmol. 2024;142(4):365-370. doi:10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2024.0530

This case series describes 3 initially culture-negative cases of acute, severe, posterior-segment intraocular inflammation events occurring within the same month following faricimab intravitreal injections at a single institution.

Brief Report

Assessment of a Large Language Model鈥檚 Responses to Questions and Cases About Glaucoma and Retina Management

Andy S. Huang, MD; Kyle Hirabayashi, MD; Laura Barna, MD; et al.

Abstract Full Text

open access

JAMA Ophthalmol. 2024;142(4):371-375. doi:10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2023.6917

This cross-sectional study compares the diagnostic accuracy and comprehensiveness of responses from a large language model chatbot with those of fellowship-trained glaucoma and retina specialists on ophthalmological questions and real patient case management.

Invited Commentary
Large Language Models and the Shoreline of Ophthalmology
Benjamin K. Young, MD, MS; Peter Y. Zhao, MD

JAMA Ophthalmol

Invited Commentary

Toward Eliminating Visual Impairment Due to Refractive Error

Brian L. VanderBeek, MD, MPH, MSCE

Abstract Full Text

JAMA Ophthalmol. 2024;142(4):299-300. doi:10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2024.0003

Retinal End Points for ATXN7-Related Spinocerebellar Ataxia

Jacque L. Duncan, MD

Abstract Full Text

JAMA Ophthalmol. 2024;142(4):308-309. doi:10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2024.0090

Decoding Scleral Structures With Polarized Light

Clement K. Chan, MD; Martha Henao, MD

Abstract Full Text

JAMA Ophthalmol. 2024;142(4):319-320. doi:10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2024.0199

Is Artificial Intelligence for Retinopathy of Prematurity Ready to Go?

Gil Binenbaum, MD, MSCE

Abstract Full Text

JAMA Ophthalmol. 2024;142(4):335-336. doi:10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2024.0218

Unraveling the Potential of Water-Free Cyclosporine in Dry Eye Disease

Khushali Shah, MD, MPH; Michelle K. Rhee, MD

Abstract Full Text

JAMA Ophthalmol. 2024;142(4):343-344. doi:10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2024.0224

The Role of Polygenic Risk Scores in Glaucoma Management

Fei Li, MD, PhD; Xiulan Zhang, MD, PhD

Abstract Full Text

JAMA Ophthalmol. 2024;142(4):364. doi:10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2024.0220

Large Language Models and the Shoreline of Ophthalmology

Benjamin K. Young, MD, MS; Peter Y. Zhao, MD

Abstract Full Text

JAMA Ophthalmol. 2024;142(4):375-376. doi:10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2023.6937

Editor's Note

Safely Viewing a Solar Eclipse

Neil M. Bressler, MD

Abstract Full Text

free access

JAMA Ophthalmol. 2024;142(4):377. doi:10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2024.0401

JAMA Ophthalmology Clinical Challenge

Bilateral Blurry Vision After a Liver Transplant

Wenjia Cai, MD, PhD; Xin Chen, MD; Xiaohu Ding, MD, PhD

Abstract Full Text

has active quiz

JAMA Ophthalmol. 2024;142(4):378-379. doi:10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2023.6710

A 31-year-old woman presented for evaluation of bilateral blurry vision over the past month. She experienced fulminant hepatic failure 3 months ago and underwent a liver transplant 2 weeks later. Postoperative pathological results showed hepatolenticular degeneration. What would you do next?

Maculopathy in a 52-Year-Old Patient With Diabetes

Alexander Kwok, MD, MPH; Carson Ercanbrack, BA; Sami Uwaydat, MD

Abstract Full Text

has active quiz

JAMA Ophthalmol. 2024;142(4):380-381. doi:10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2023.6938

A 52-year-old woman with severe nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy had decreased vision and macular edema in both eyes that was not responding to treatment. What would you do next?

A Suspicious Pigmented Lesion of the Conjunctiva

Karla Murillo, BS, BA; Kaela Acuff, BS; Nathan L. Scott, MD, MPP

Abstract Full Text

has active quiz

JAMA Ophthalmol. 2024;142(4):382-383. doi:10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2024.0004

A 74-year-old woman with a history of breast cancer, now in remission, presented for evaluation of a conjunctival lesion of the right eye. What would you do next?

A Case of a Bumpy Retina

Sidra Zafar, MD; Anthony Gonzales, OD; Sophie Cai, MD

Abstract Full Text

has active quiz

JAMA Ophthalmol. 2024;142(4):384-385. doi:10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2024.0047

A 77-year-old male had 3 months of progressive vision decline in the left eye. Dilated fundus examination revealed diffuse hyperpigmented lesions involving the macula and superior fundus that corresponded to areas of nodular retinal pigment epithelium thickening on optical coherence tomography. What would you do next?

Research Letter

Prevalence and Features of Fungal Keratitis Among US Patients With Commercial Health Insurance

Kaitlin Benedict, MPH; Jeremy A. W. Gold, MD, MS; Dallas J. Smith, PharmD, MAS

Abstract Full Text

JAMA Ophthalmol. 2024;142(4):386-388. doi:10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2023.6825

This case series estimates fungal keratitis prevalence among US patients with commercial insurance.

Observation

Sudden Death in a Child With Ocular Lesions

Bree E. Martin, MS; Sara O. Vargas, MD; Holly B. Hindman, MD; et al.

Abstract Full Text

JAMA Ophthalmol. 2024;142(4):388-389. doi:10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2024.0089

This case report describes a patient treated for ocular lesions who died suddenly at age 8 years and was diagnosed postmortem with Carney complex.

Association of Conjunctival Ulceration With Pembrolizumab

Benjamin Kuhar, DO; James Bailey, MD; Judy Aeum, MD

Abstract Full Text

JAMA Ophthalmol. 2024;142(4):389-391. doi:10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2024.0192

This case report describes a patient with conjunctival ulceration following pembrolizumab therapy for breast cancer.

Ophthalmic Images

Leukocoria Due to Persistent Hyperplastic Primary Vitreous

Shaohua Liu, BS; Linlin Hao, MD; Xuejiao Qin, MD

Abstract Full Text

online only has active quiz

JAMA Ophthalmol. 2024;142(4):e234842. doi:10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2023.4842

This case report discusses a diagnosis of persistent hyperplastic primary vitreous presenting as leukocoria in a boy aged 50 days.

Bilateral Eyelid Polyposis Due to Eccrine Hidrocystoma

Chia Yaw Teoh, MBBS; Evelyn Li Min Tai, FRCOphth; Wan Mariny Wan Md Kasim, MMed

Abstract Full Text

online only has active quiz

JAMA Ophthalmol. 2024;142(4):e234843. doi:10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2023.4843

This case report discusses a diagnosis of eccrine hidrocystoma in a female patient aged 65 years who presented with bilateral, painless eyelid masses.

Morning Glory Syndrome in a Newborn Aged 2 Weeks

Francesco Pozzo Giuffrida, MD; Marco Nassisi, MD, PhD; Silvia Osnaghi, MD

Abstract Full Text

online only has active quiz

JAMA Ophthalmol. 2024;142(4):e234844. doi:10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2023.4844

This case report describes a diagnosis of morning glory syndrome in a 2-week-old infant who presented with divergent strabismus, cleft lip, and hypertelorism.