April 9, 2024 Issue of JAMA

April 9, 2024, Vol 331, No. 14, Pages 1165-1254

In This Issue of JAMA

Audio Highlights

Abstract Full Text

free access online only has audio

JAMA. 2024;331(14):e2318255. doi:10.1001/jama.2023.18255

Audio: Oxygen Targets in the ICU, Acetaminophen During Pregnancy and Risk of Neurodevelopmental Disorders, Alcohol Use Disorder Screening Tools, and more

Original Investigation

Caring for the Critically Ill Patient

Lower vs Higher Oxygenation Target and Days Alive Without Life Support in COVID-19: The HOT-COVID Randomized Clinical Trial

Frederik M. Nielsen, MD; Thomas L. Klitgaard, MD, PhD; Martin Siegemund, MD; et al.

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2024;331(14):1185-1194. doi:10.1001/jama.2024.2934

This randomized clinical trial assesses the effect of targeting a lower vs higher oxygenation level on 90-day survival without need for life support among intensive care unit patients with COVID-19 and severe hypoxemia.

Editorial
Oxygen Supplementation in COVID-19鈥擧ow Much Is Enough?
Richard M. Schwartzstein, MD

JAMA

Caring for the Critically Ill Patient

Individualized Treatment Effects of Oxygen Targets in Mechanically Ventilated Critically Ill Adults

Kevin G. Buell, MBBS; Alexandra B. Spicer, MS; Jonathan D. Casey, MD, MSc; et al.

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2024;331(14):1195-1204. doi:10.1001/jama.2024.2933

This cohort study examines whether peripheral oxygenation-saturation targets on mortality would differ by individual patient characteristics among 2 temporally and geographically distinct randomized trials of lower vs higher Spo₂ targets in critically ill patients receiving mechanical ventilation

Editorial
Your Mileage May Vary: Toward Personalized Oxygen Supplementation
Derek C. Angus, MD, MPH

JAMA

Acetaminophen Use During Pregnancy and Children鈥檚 Risk of Autism, ADHD, and Intellectual Disability

Viktor H. Ahlqvist, PhD; Hugo Sjöqvist, MSc; Christina Dalman, MD, PhD; et al.

Abstract Full Text

has active quiz

JAMA. 2024;331(14):1205-1214. doi:10.1001/jama.2024.3172

This nationwide cohort study with sibling control analysis examines the association of acetaminophen use during pregnancy with children鈥檚 risk of autism, ADHD, and intellectual disability.

Research Letter

Mortality Among Users of Anabolic Steroids

Josefine Windfeld-Mathiasen, MD; Ida M. Heerfordt, MD, PhD; Kim Peder Dalhoff, MD, DMSc; et al.

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2024;331(14):1229-1230. doi:10.1001/jama.2024.3180

This cohort study investigates mortality and cause of death among a large cohort of androgenic anabolic steroid users, compared with a control group, in Denmark from January 3, 2006, to March 1, 2018.

State Coverage and Reimbursement of Antiobesity Medications in Medicaid

Benjamin Y. Liu, MD; Benjamin N. Rome, MD, MPH

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2024;331(14):1230-1232. doi:10.1001/jama.2024.3073

This study examines state Medicaid coverage policies for antiobesity medications and their trends in Medicaid reimbursement from 2011 to 2022.

Viewpoint

The Limits of Clinician Vigilance as an AI Safety Bulwark

Julia Adler-Milstein, PhD; Donald A. Redelmeier, MD; Robert M. Wachter, MD

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2024;331(14):1173-1174. doi:10.1001/jama.2024.3620

This Viewpoint examines the potential problems of clinician reliance on the use of artificial intelligence (AI) in health care and offers suggestions on how AI could be designed to promote clinician vigilance.

A Piece of My Mind

The Tree of Knowledge

Harry Doernberg, MM

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2024;331(14):1175-1176. doi:10.1001/jama.2024.2857

In this narrative medicine essay, a medical student uses the analogy of a mature tree to describe the difference in knowledge of his medical school teachers compared with sapling first-year medical students.

Editorial

Oxygen Supplementation in COVID-19鈥擧ow Much Is Enough?

Richard M. Schwartzstein, MD

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2024;331(14):1177-1178. doi:10.1001/jama.2024.2935

Your Mileage May Vary: Toward Personalized Oxygen Supplementation

Derek C. Angus, MD, MPH

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2024;331(14):1179-1180. doi:10.1001/jama.2024.0972

2023 Year in Review and What鈥檚 Ahead at JAMA

Kirsten Bibbins-Domingo, PhD, MD, MAS; Annette Flanagin, RN, MA; Stacy Christiansen, MA; et al.

Abstract Full Text

free access

JAMA. 2024;331(14):1181-1184. doi:10.1001/jama.2024.3643

The Rational Clinical Examination

Does This Patient Have Alcohol Use Disorder?The Rational Clinical Examination Systematic Review

Evan Wood, MD, PhD; Jeffrey Pan, PharmD; Zishan Cui, PhD; et al.

Abstract Full Text

has active quiz

JAMA. 2024;331(14):1215-1224. doi:10.1001/jama.2024.3101

This Rational Clinical Examination systematic review summarizes studies that examined the diagnostic accuracy of brief screening tools to identify individuals with alcohol use disorder.

JAMA Guide to Statistics and Methods

Using Effect Scores to Characterize Heterogeneity of Treatment Effects

Guanbo Wang, PhD; Patrick J. Heagerty, PhD; Issa J. Dahabreh, MD, ScD

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2024;331(14):1225-1226. doi:10.1001/jama.2024.3376

This JAMA Guide to Statistics and Methods article explains effect score analyses, an approach for evaluating the heterogeneity of treatment effects, and examines its use in a study of oxygen-saturation targets in critically ill patients.

JAMA Insights

Diagnosis and Management of Myotonic Dystrophy Type 1

Julia Hartman, BS; Tejal Patki, BS; Nicholas E. Johnson, MD, Msci

Abstract Full Text

has active quiz

JAMA. 2024;331(14):1227-1228. doi:10.1001/jama.2024.2511

This JAMA Insights discusses the signs and symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment of myotonic dystrophy type 1.

Editor's Note

Trading Places, Becoming One

Rafael Campo, MD, MA

Abstract Full Text

free access

JAMA. 2024;331(14):1237. doi:10.1001/jama.2024.0256

Medical News & Perspectives

All of Us Program Illustrates What Less-Diverse Genomics Studies Might Be Missing

Rita Rubin, MA

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2024;331(14):1167-1168. doi:10.1001/jama.2024.2976

This Medical News story discusses new findings from genomics studies involving diverse cohorts.

Quick Uptakes

NIH Study Provides Long-Awaited Insight Into Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Quinn Eastman, PhD

Abstract Full Text

has audio

JAMA. 2024;331(14):1169-1171. doi:10.1001/jama.2024.3603

This Medical News article discusses a new US National Institutes of Health study of patients with the chronic鈥攁nd chronically misunderstood鈥攄isease.

Audio: March 2024 Medical News Summary

Medical News in Brief

One in 8 People Worldwide Are Obese

Samantha Anderer

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2024;331(14):1172. doi:10.1001/jama.2024.2073

Cannabis Use Linked to Elevated Myocardial Infarction and Stroke Risk

Samantha Anderer

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2024;331(14):1172. doi:10.1001/jama.2024.2075

Meta-Analysis: Females at Higher Risk of Death From Staph Infection

Samantha Anderer

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2024;331(14):1172. doi:10.1001/jama.2024.2076

Brain Waves Appear to Wash Out Waste During Sleep

Samantha Anderer

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2024;331(14):1172. doi:10.1001/jama.2024.2077

Poetry and Medicine

Hey Doc

John Petrilli, MD

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2024;331(14):1237. doi:10.1001/jama.2024.0277

Editor's Note
Trading Places, Becoming One
Rafael Campo, MD, MA

JAMA

JAMA Revisited

The Private Physician and Preventive Medicine: Bruce H. Douglas, M.D., Detroit

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2024;331(14):1251. doi:10.1001/jama.2023.18256

Peer Reviewers List

JAMA Peer Reviewers in 2023

Abstract Full Text

free access

JAMA. 2024;331(14):1238-1250. doi:10.1001/jama.2024.0816

Editorial
2023 Year in Review and What鈥檚 Ahead at JAMA
Kirsten Bibbins-Domingo, PhD, MD, MAS; Annette Flanagin, RN, MA; Stacy Christiansen, MA; Hannah Park; Greg Curfman, MD

JAMA

JAMA Patient Page